The acid refractories use silicon oxide as the main component, and silicon bricks and clay bricks are commonly used. Silica brick is a silicon product containing more than 94% of silicon oxide. The raw materials used are silica and abandoned silica brick. It has strong resistance to acid slag erosion, high load softening temperature, and does not shrink in volume after repeated calcination. It even expands slightly; However, it is easily eroded by alkaline slag and has poor thermal shock resistance. Silica brick is mainly used in thermal equipment such as coke oven, glass melting furnace, acid steel-making furnace and so on. Clay bricks use refractory clay as the main raw material and contain 30% to 46% of alumina. They are weakly acidic refractory materials. They have good thermal shock resistance and are resistant to acidic slag. They are widely used.

Neutral refractories have alumina, chromium oxide or carbon as the main components. Corundum products containing more than 95% of alumina are high-quality refractory materials with a wide range of uses. Chrome bricks with chromium oxide as the main component have good corrosion resistance to steel slag, but poor thermal shock resistance and low deformation temperature at high temperature. Carbonaceous refractory materials include carbon bricks, graphite products and silicon carbide products, which have a low thermal expansion coefficient, high thermal conductivity, good thermal shock resistance, high temperature strength, resistance to acid and alkali and salt corrosion, especially weak acids and alkalis. Good resistance, not subject to wetting by metal and slag, light weight. Widely used as high temperature furnace lining material, also used as lining of autoclave for petroleum and chemical industry.

The basic refractory material uses magnesium oxide and calcium oxide as the main components, and magnesium bricks are commonly used. Magnesia bricks containing more than 80% to 85% of magnesium oxide have good resistance to alkaline slag and iron slag, and the refractoriness is higher than clay bricks and silica bricks. Mainly used in open furnace, oxygen blowing converter, electric furnace, non-ferrous metal smelting equipment and some high temperature equipment.

Refractory materials used in special occasions include high-temperature oxide materials such as alumina, lanthanum oxide, beryllium oxide, calcium oxide, zirconium oxide, etc., refractory compound materials such as carbide, nitride, boride, silicide and sulfide Etc.; high-temperature composite materials, mainly including cermets, high-temperature inorganic coatings and fiber-reinforced ceramics.